Agricultural Reforms

Date : 28.4.2020
Sub  : Economics
Class : 12
Day   : 1
Period : 7
Time    : 12:20pm - 1pm

Learning Outcomes

• Reforms introduced in the agricultural sector
• Why the reforms were introduced
• General reforms introduced in the agricultural sector

A very good morning students

Thankyou for logging in

After reading and understanding the problems of Indian agriculture

Today we shall learn about the Reforms introduced in the Agricultural sector

We are going to look at the topic in two parts:

• Land Reforms
• General Reforms

Let us now look at the Land Reforms that took place during the Planning Period

Land Reforms refer to those institutional reforms which relate to the pattern of Land Ownership.

These were as follows

1.Abolition of Intermediaries : It was necessary as the Zamindari system was more or less a supervision of cultivation rather than the actual involvement of the land owners in cultivation.Along with this farmers working as Tenant farmers were conferred with ownership rights..The Rights of the remaining Tenant farmers were secured and terms of the rent were fixed.

2. Land Ceiling : It implies to the fixation of the maximum size of land which could be owned by an individual.

3. Consolidating of Land Holdings : Means giving a particular farmer land at one place in lieu of his different plots of land.

4 Cooperative Farming : Implies joint farming by small cultivators by pooling their land and other resources together.

General Reforms: It includes the following

1.Expansion of Irrigation facilities : In 1951, just 17% of land had permanent means of irrigation.Presently it has gone upto 40%.

2. Institutional Credit: Another step initiated by the government was credit to farmers through cooperatives and commercial banks.

In 1982, the government set up a National  Bank of Agriculture and Rural  Development (NABARD) for coordinating the activities of different Financial Institutions operating in the Rural Sector.

3. Improvement of Agricultural Marketing : Regulated markets have been set up by the government to ensure reasonable prices to farmers for their produce.

These markets are governed  by the market committees appointed by the government.

Cooperative marketing societies have also been established.

4. Price Support Policy : To ensure fair returns to the farmers for their crops and hence raise agricultural output, the government has started fixing minimum support prices for a number of agricultural commodities like Wheat , Paddy, etc

To understand the topic better please go through the video link given below.

Also please make sure that you read through the NCERT e-book on Indian Ecconomic Development.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLS3WYKU7gU&t=177s

Your assignment would be to read through the notes given and the e-book